The new, top of the line American Airlines Terminal at Idlewild Airport introduced “jetways.” This innovation, quickly copied by the other airlines, enabled passengers to pass from the terminal to the plane without setting foot on the tarmac or dealing with inclement weather.
December 1960
In mid–December 1960, a brutal winter storm knocked out Queens. A slashing blizzard dumped more that 18 inches of snow by noon, effectively shutting down the borough for several days. Sweeping through the metro area, it paralyzed transit, closed schools and kept others from work.
Trains derailed, autos crashed, and fishermen staggered into port. It killed at least five people, many snow shovellers who died from heart attacks.
The National Guard towed and pushed abandoned cars that had blocked roadways. The Long Island Railroad gave up and erased the day off its calendar.
Packing a howling 35 mph wind, the killer storm, called the worst of the year, easily stripped the title from the 14 inch blizzard that hit the city during the previous winter on March 4th.
Within 24 hours, the mercury plunged to a deep freeze of seven frigid degrees further slowing the borough from digging out.
Of the 130 fatalities across the country, Long Island tallied 26 dead.
January 11, 1961
On January 11, 1961 the Throgs Neck Bridge opens. Serving as a vital link in the area’s interstate highway system, in the Bronx it feeds into the Cross Bronx and Brucker expressway, and in Queens, to the Clearview Expressway and Cross Island Expressways.
Its nearest Queens neighborhoods are Beechhurst, Bayside, and Little Bay, as well as historic Fort Totten. Two 3,200 foot suspension cables support the 1,800-foot main span and two 555-foot side spans.
The bridge cost $92 million. It was name for John Throckmorton who settled the area in 1643.
January 11, 1961
Two crucial but unconnected elements of Queens transportation went into operation. The Throgs Neck Bridge, a 13,410 ft steel suspension bridge linking Queens to The Bronx, opened to traffic. A mere 3.5 miles to the south of the new bridge, the Long Island Expressway was completed.
The L.I.E. was comprised of various sections, some of them previous roads, and built under one standard construction plan to link them together and form the 13-mile Queens stretch.
The $92 million bridge was designed by engineer Othmar H. Amman and built mainly to ease the congestion on the Bronx-Whitestone Bridge.
The expressway linked the Queens-Midtown Tunnel to the Nassau County line, and eventually to Riverhead in Suffolk County.
February 12, 1961
Flushing Meadow is to close for construction of World’s Fair. The price tag is about a billion dollars, with exhibitors putting up structures costing an additional $550 million. On the 16th, the Queens Botanic Gardens close. Skating was allowed in the NYC Building through April.
January 1962
An unusual shipment arrives at Idlewild Airport. The body of Charles “Lucky” Luciano, who died in Italy, is en route to St. Johns Cemetery in Middle Village.
Its arrival creates confusion within US Customs Service over the possibility that the coffin might contain narcotics or diamond contraband. Although officials had a right to do so, they did not open it.
March 1962
“Gotham Goes Wild For Glenn,” as “Astoria Girl First to Greet Astronaut.”
Connie Valis, 14, rushes through the crowd of 2,000 at LaGuardia Airport and presents a bouquet of carnations to Mrs. Glenn, who first exits from the aircraft. Colonel Glenn, following his wife off the plane, is so impressed that he stops waving to the people, grabs Connie's hand and warmly thanks her and her teacher, Mrs. Anne M. O'Connor, assistant principal of Junior High School 10 in Astoria.
April 1962
On opening day of the baseball season, Manager Casey Stengel of the hapless Mets reports, “The attendance got trimmed again.” (this was Stengelese meaning that the Mets are playing terribly.)
He continued, “We were a fraud. All those people came out to watch us play. We had them believing we had a better team this year, but we didn't look it. The starting pitcher was lousy and the infielders were worse.”
After six balks by his pitchers in the game, Casey walked out the mound and gave a demonstration to his pitchers on how to throw a baseball.
June 1962
An era ends as the 6:09 PM to Ozone Park leaves Penn Station. The ‘forgotten spur’ was destined to become part of the IND service to the Rockaways, but was overlooked when the Transit Authority instead reroutes the service through Brooklyn.
As the train grinds to a stop, a long battle to save the service ends for all time. The city cannot see spending the $3.9 million to upgrade the line for 184 passengers.
August 1962
The United States Public Health Service warned about the dangers of “glue sniffing,” which doctors warned could cause permanent liver damage.
In July, 10 teenagers had been arrested in Queens on juvenile delinquency charges stemming from glue sniffing. In a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers ridiculed labeling glue sniffing as just another adolescent craze.
They explained, “Unlike other relatively harmless activities, such as telephone booth-stuffing, glue inhalation appears to carry with it a potential for significant detriment to the child’s physical and emotional health.”
September 1962
Throughout September 1962, thousands of Oregon Pine piles were being driven deep into the marshy earth of Flushing Meadow, a former garbage dump, to support the billions of dollars of construction for the 1964-1965 World’s Fair. Over 600 men scrambled “like ants” over the excavation mounds at the site.
Sweeping new strips of highway were being built to connect the expected 70 million visitors to the fair with thruways, air terminals or piers. There were less than 600 days to the scheduled opening.
Robert Moses (in the Long Island Star-Journal’s words, “autocratic czar of the biggest exhibition ever planned in the history of the world”) ordained:
“Every participant must keep up with the time schedule. The calendar is all-important now. Management has to be frank about plausible excuses and smooth explanations for delays and it cannot accept substitutes for performance.”
Sixty-eight countries planned pavilions, and all 50 states were expected to be represented at the fair.
September 1962
Two Cuban nationals appeared in Kew Gardens Criminal Court on charges of amassing an arsenal in a plan to overthrow Fidel Castro. Police said one defendant’s car trunks contained a .75mm cannon, a .20mm anti tank gun, a dummy .75mm shell and a manual of operations, two bazookas and 100 rounds of .20mm ammunition.
The defendants were Frank Padron, 31, and Jose Blanco, 26, both of 25-30 48th Street in Astoria. Both had been in the country three years.
The cache was discovered innocently when police found Blanco double-parked in front of the A & P market at 42-13 30th Avenue and noticed that the rear of the car was sagging badly. When asked why, Blanco replied, “I have ammunition to be shipped to our anti-Castro forces in Florida.”
March 28, 1963
Sonny Weblin buys the NY Titans football team for more than $1 million. He changes the team name to ‘Jets’ to reflect “the modern approach of his team and the star-studded performances he hopes his team will produce.”
For the next two decades, the Jets will play at Shea Stadium, in Flushing. Football enthusiasts claim that Jet’s quarterback Joe Namath deserves credit for putting the ‘super’ in Super Bowl III.
April 1963
April 1963, three white youths painted a black youth’s face with white paint. Police arrested the youths, who were between the ages of 13 and 15. The victim of this bias incident, Robert Smith, 12, was a student at JH 141 in Astoria.
Mayor Robert Wagner and schools superintendent Dr. Calvin Gross were notified by a committee headed by Mrs. Helen Marshall of East Elmhurst.
Helen Marshall, who was a public school teacher, would later embark in a successful political career that led her to Albany and the city council, and ultimately to the Queens Borough president’s office.
June 14, 1963
The City Council began hearings on a Con Edison proposal to build the world’s largest atomic power plant on the East River in Ravenswood, Queens. The Ravenswood plant was to generate one million kilowatts (1,000 megawatts) of electricity and come online in 1970.
The reason for the hearings was a bill to block the building of reactors in the city. Outside City Hall a crowd of over 100 protesters marched with signs saying: “No A-plant in New York” and “Don’t Make an Ash Out of Us.”
Con Ed withdrew its application to build the plant on January 6, 1964 as a result of ongoing public protests. Instead, in 1965, Ravenswood Unit 3, a 1,000 megawatt conventional plant with a generator known as “Big Allis” began operation.
February 07, 1964
British rock band The Beatles landed at JFK Airport aboard Pan Am Clipper flight 101. The press corps snapped hundreds of photographs as the Fab Four walked down the stairs and on to American ground to the delight of hundreds of fans.
Less than three months after the assassination of President John Kennedy, The Beatles took New York by storm as they performed on the Ed Sullivan Show two nights later. It was American rock and roll with a British twist and a sound that became their own.
March 13, 1964
Twenty-eight year old Kitty Genovese is brutally stabbed to death in front of her apartment on Austin Street in Kew Gardens. At least 38 people hear her scream for help or watch her being stabbed from their apartment windows. For over 30 minutes, no one calls police. The case remains a parable of public apathy. Her murderer, Winston Moseley is caught, and convicted. Nearly 40 years later, he remains in prison.
April 1964
From April 22 to October 18, 1964 and from April 21 to October 17, 1965, the New York World's Fair at Flushing Meadow in Queens, New York, had a two year run.
Under the banner “Peace Through Understanding,” the fair displayed humanity's inventions, discoveries, arts, skills and aspirations in an expanding universe. It had more than 150 pavilions, spreading over 646 acres of Flushing Meadow Park.
April 17, 1964
Shea Stadium opens in Flushing Meadows, Queens as the New York Mets play the Pittsburgh Pirates before 48,736 fans. The Mets lost, 4 - 3.
The stadium, originally to be called Flushing Meadow Park, is later named for attorney William A. Shea, who spearheaded the drive to bring National League baseball back to New York.
May 1964
Con Edison appeared to have joined President Johnson’s war on poverty when it announced that it would burn coal, not oil, in its newest multi-million dollar generating plant in Ravenswood. The switch, according to the utility, would create 1,000 new jobs in the Appalachian poverty belt.
Scheduled for completion the following year, the plant was predicted to burn 2 to 2.5 million tons of coal annually. Earlier in the month, the Johnson Administration had urged Con Ed to drop a multi-million dollar Canadian project to purchase electric power and invest in coal power in Appalachia.
August 1964
At the World’s Fair, the seventy-two foot Cities Service bandwagon is a success. Its fifty-member band plays jazz, classics, military marches and a popular dance craze of the time, the twist. Fair attendees also enjoy fireworks displays in the evening at the Fountain of Planets.
August 15, 1964
Actress and Queens native Debi Mazar, known for her trademark Jersey girl image and brash New York attitude, started in small independent films, but quickly made the switch to major release movies and television. The edgy, sharp tongued actress began her career in the industry as a makeup artist for a star studded clientele. Discovered by one of those clients (and former Queens resident) Madonna, Debi’s first television appearance was in a pilot for hip-hop dance show.
Madonna later cast Debi in some of her music videos launching her career. With over 70 major roles listed to her credit, Debi has appeared in Goodfellas, LA Law, CSI Miami, NYPD Blue, Ugly Betty, Friends and is a voice over in the popular video game Grand Theft Auto.
Debi Mazer was born August 15, 1964.
August 15, 1964
The British rock group The Beatles performed at Shea Stadium in Flushing. The band had a sell-out crowd of 55,600, a world record for attendance at an outdoor concert. It was also the Beatles' largest crowd on any tour.
Most tickets were for $5.65 while some in the upper level were as cheap as $4.50. The band earned a $160,000 share of the $304,000 gross receipts, also a record at the time.
November 04, 1964
On November 4, 1964, a mob of 4,000 to 5,000 ran through the Jamaica business district smashing windows and looting stores, all because they couldn’t get into a rock show–the Motown Revue from Detroit. It took 250 policemen, many wearing steel helmets, four hours to disperse the mob and halt small, scattered, brawls that broke out over a distance of some 15 city blocks.
The riot began when jostling, pushing and shoving, and finally brawling and stomping broke out when management attempted to get non-ticket holders to form lines to purchase tickets for the second show of the night. Stores, including jewelry, clothing, shoe and gift shops were looted. The windows of 17 stores along Jamaica Avenue were smashed.
Police had to break up a huge mob that descended on the Jamaica bus terminal and began brawling. Another mob was dispersed on Hillside Avenue and 168th Street, nearly a mile from the theater.
The second show was held. It started a little late and ended at 2 AM. Ironically, it was not sold out.
February 15, 1965
The Star-Journal reported the fire-bombing the previous day at the Queens home of civil rights leader Malcolm X, with the headline: “Dawn, Home Shattered-Police Guard the Fire-Scarred Home of Malcolm X-Cops Probe Bombing.”
The article continued, “Police today are still searching for leads in the fire-bombing of Malcolm X’s East Elmhurst home early yesterday morning. Their basic questions are: Who tossed the Molotov cocktail at the house on 23-11 97th Street? And why? Malcolm, who aroused his wife and four daughters at 2.30 in the morning to escape the flames, flew to Detroit that evening. Before leaving, Malcolm said of the bombing: ‘It doesn’t frighten me. It doesn’t quiet me down in any way or shut me up.”
A week later he would be assassinated.
April 19, 1965
Mayor Wagner signs Landmarks Preservation Law. The Landmarks Law serves the following purposes:
safeguarding the city's historic, aesthetic, and cultural heritage
helping to stabilize and improve property values in historic districts
encouraging civic pride in the beauty and accomplishments of the past
protecting and enhancing the city's attractions for tourists, thereby benefiting business and industry
strengthening the city's economy
promoting the use of landmarks for the education, pleasure, and welfare of the people of the city
Queens, falling behind the other four boroughs during a generation's worth of landmark designation, recently has taken this issue by storm. Neighborhoods across the borough are now demanding this distinction for their communities. To date, only a few blocks in Hunters Point, Jackson Heights, Ridgewood, and Douglaston have this honor.
May 1965
In May, 1965, a speech at the Singer Bowl at the World’s Fair, President Johnson called on all Americans to “open wide the door of equality” for 20 million of their “Negro fellow citizens who had been on the outside looking in” for 200 years.
Regarding the civil rights bill before Congress, he said “It may take all summer, it may take sessions round the clock, but I promise you here and now that we are going to pass that bill.”
Johnson also appealed for aid in his ‘War on Poverty.’
At the same time, half way around the world, Malcolm X, of Corona, the former Black Muslim leader, inflamed African passions against the United States by making a bitterly anti-American speech to an applauding university student group in the Nigerian city of Idaban. He said that racial discrimination in the United States was worse than apartheid in South Africa and that ‘32 million Negroes in the United States were being treated as less than human beings.’
Malcolm had formed a new black nationalist group more militant than the main Black Muslim organization.
August 14, 1965
The last ship to be launched at the Brooklyn Navy Yard slid down the ways in a shower of champagne, spray and probably tears. Mrs. Bruce Solomonson, daughter of Vice President Hubert Humphrey, christened the USS Duluth, and at the same time sounded the death knell for the 164-year-old shipyard. It was scheduled to be closed by June 30, 1966.
Cited as an economy measure by the Defense Department, many New York businessmen criticized the move that was estimated to result in a $1.5 billion loss to the local economy. In its heyday, the shipyard was the largest employer in the city producing, among many others, the battleships Maine, Arizona, and Missouri.
October 1965
Pope Paul IV visits Our Lady of Mt. Carmel in Astoria, then travels to the World's Fair to view the Pieta at the Vatican Exhibit. During his trip to New York, he celebrates Mass in Yankee Stadium.
November 09, 1965
At 5:16 PM the famous New York City “Blackout of ’65” began. The entire city except Staten Island and parts of Brooklyn were affected.
A single relay near Niagara Falls failed, thus crashing the interconnected power grid. The load lost was 20,000 megawatts of power (compared with the August 2003 loss of 62,000 megawatts). Three quarters of a million people were trapped in the subways and many more stranded during rush hour. It took up to 13 hours to restore power to seven states from Ontario and Quebec to eastern Massachusetts to southern New Jersey to western Pennsylvania.
In stark contrast to the August 1977 blackout, civil disorder in 1965 was rare.
December 15, 1965
On December 15, 1965, 20 faculty members from St. John’s University lost their jobs when they elected to join the United Federation of Teachers. By the following month, the University’s faculty went out on strike and threw up picket lines. The university’s accreditation was threatened the following December when they were put on probation by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.
December 22, 1965
On December 22, 1965, The Star Journal reported on the first passenger helicopter lifting off of the roof of the Pan Am Building (now Metlife) on Park Avenue and heading out to Queens. “A little wiggle, a little backwards jerk and the copter was aloft…turning west towards Broadway and Times Square, then spinning…east over Central park to the Queensborough Bridge, rotors slapping, engines thudding” was the Star Journal’s depiction of this unique maiden voyage.
After the spectacle of these aircraft coming into the heart of the city, the Star Journal wistfully noted that they came in to land “almost anti-climactically.” Regularly scheduled flights between Midtown and Kennedy Airport were to take place for a fare of seven dollars! A round trip took you back ten dollars.
In a trip that lasted only seven minutes, passengers experienced vistas that took their breaths away, including a close up view of the Chrysler building, looking down into Con Edison’s riverside smokestacks, and sitting motionless above the entrance of the Lincoln tunnel “watching cars like an all-seeing traffic cop.” With the regularity of the subway (the Star Journal reported a quip that it all was like the IRT with flight insurance) passengers were treated to the glimmering sun over New York Harbor and ocean mists in the distance. All this was a novel attempt to solve a persistent problem in commercial aviation: getting people from the city to the airport “in a time reasonably proportionate to the length of [the] total trip.”
(Their novelty notwithstanding, these flights proved to be unprofitable and were cancelled about three years later in 1968. In 1977, the experiment was revived briefly, only to fail with tragic consequences when a landing gear collapsed and an idling helicopter crashed on to the roof killing four people at the pad, and a fifth struck by debris hurled onto a busy Park Avenue.)
January 20, 1966
On January 20, 1966, after the Pennsylvania Railroad threatened to abandon the Long Island Railroad, the state purchased the bankrupt railroad for $65 million. The state also agreed to lease the rights to use the Pennsylvania Station and East River Tunnels.
The purchaser, the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Authority (which later became the MTA), embarked in an aggressive capital campaign at raising funds for new track and rolling stock. It remains the busiest commuter rail line in the country.
February 01, 1966
On February 1, 1966 the immortal Joseph Frank Keaton IV, better known by his stage name “Buster,” died of lung cancer, aged 70. The story is told that while touring with his parents, vaudeville actors, he tripped down a flight of stairs, and the name supposedly supplied by fellow vaudevillian Harry Houdini.
Called the “Great Stone Face,” he would do silent movie stunts without batting an eye. This former resident of Little Neck and Bayside’s career spanned most of the twentieth century, from the era of silents through the sixties, when he was rediscovered by a new generation who adopted him as one of their own.
Of Keaton, fellow comedian Mel Brooks said, “His eyes shone with a certain intensity, fire and love. His face had little expression, but his eyes were always dynamically alive. His eyes spoke more than any script could speak.”
February 01, 1966
On Tuesday, February 1, 1966, winter was in full force and all New Yorkers agreed to one thing: the weather was cold! After spending all weekend digging out of a blizzard, the city was under a snow emergency.
Local papers warned “More of Same on Way.” An accompanying photo showed a small tanker frozen in icy waters off Far Rockaway. As far south as Florida, the weather was so cold and snowy. Not only were orange crops destroyed, but so were the tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, squash, corn, and beans.
The next day, the front page of the Long Island Star Journal had more ominous things to say about the weather: “Shhh! Snow's Due Friday” and “Groundhog Sees Its Shadow; 6 More Weeks of Winter.”
The accompanying article went on to explain ruefully that every time that winter the Weather Bureau had predicted snow, they'd been right. Travel in the city remained paralyzed.
March 15, 1966
St. Anthony’s Hospital, a sanitarium for the tubercular poor, closed it doors. Its last 260 patients were either discharged or transferred to other facilities.
In 1902, the Franciscan Sisters of the Poor purchased the old Isaac Vandeveer farm in Woodhaven. It took twelve years to raise money and develop the 700 by 500 foot site. When it opened in 1914, more than 400 patients occupied the facility, making it the largest hospital in Queens.
The Sisters pioneered many new treatments for tuberculosis, the number one killer of tenement dwellers. Despite efforts to save the architecturally distinguished building and its spacious grounds, the 90-year-old hospital was recently torn down for development.
April 01, 1966
Motorists driving on the Grand Central Parkway near the site of the former World’s Fair and Meadow and Willow lakes, reported seeing a large luminescent blue-green object, which looked “like a glowing dirigible that came into view and then descended into the lake,” at about 7:40 PM.
A number of observers said that the object appeared to correspond to the descriptions of UFOs reported in Michigan the previous week, which Air Force experts had attributed to swamp gas discharged from lake bottoms in springtime.
This explanation did not satisfy everyone in Queens. Some thought that “maybe the Martians wanted to visit the World’s Fair, and didn’t know it was over.”
May 11, 1966
Bodine Castle is torn down by Con Edison. Last of the great Ravenswood mansions that lined the East River shore, its large stone towers inspired romantic stories. Its tunnels leading to the river were, as rumor had it, a stop on the Underground Railroad.
In reality, the house was built in 1853 for merchant John Bodine. After becoming wealthy from the Cuba trade, he ran, and lost, in the New York mayoral election of 1876.
July 1966
The Finast Supermarket on 31st Street in Astoria offers 100 S&H stamps for a $7.50 purchase, and 100 free stamps if the checkout clerk doesn't say ‘Thank You.’ Corned beef sold at 59 cents, round roast at 79 cents and ten cans of lemonade went for 89 cents.
August 15, 1966
TWA Flight 782, on an approach to JFK Airport, lost a nine-foot section of wing flap that fell on 156th Avenue between 89th and 90th Streets in Howard Beach. There were no injuries, however TWA failed to report the incident to the FAA. The plane landed safely, and there was no property damage associated with the incident.
December 04, 1967
Bert Lahr, the Cowardly Lion of the 1939 classic film the Wizard of Qz died of pneumonia at the age of 72. He was buried in Union Field Cemetery in Flushing.
Although Lahr’s movie career never really caught on, he remained a life-long icon due to his role as the Cowardly Lion in Oz. Aside from that role, he is probably best remembered for his role in a Lay’s potato chip “Bet you can’t eat just one” commercial ad campaign. His vocal characterization of the Lion was also a strong influence on the voice of the cartoon character Snagglepuss.
January 22, 1968
The Board of Higher Education forms ’Community College Number Nine.’ Opening three years later, it is known today as Fiorello H. LaGuardia Community College, named for New York's Mayor who was a devoted immigrant advocate.
The college offers 30 majors to nearly 12,000 students from more than 150 countries. Over 70% of its students are from Queens; the largest contingent is from Flushing.
Its LaGuardia and Wagner Archives is a leading repository of the social and political history of New York.
September 1968
Chester F. Carlson, the inventor of xerography dies. The word “Astoria” is the first word photocopied in 1938 at his lab on Broadway and 37th Street.
January 12, 1969
In a game that stands out in sports history, the New York Jets defeated the Baltimore Colts 16-7 in Super Bowl III. Quarterback Joe Namath had brashly guaranteed victory over the Colts, who were 20-point favorites. The Jets’ offense also featured Don Maynard, George Sauer, Emerson Boozer, Winston Hill, and Randy Rasmussen.
A four-yard touchdown run by Nassau County's Matt Snell and three Jim Turner field goals were all the Jets needed.
The defense, led by Verlon Biggs, Gerry Philbin, Al Atkinson, and Randy Beverly, held the mighty Colts to a mere seven points.
The victory established the AFL as a more than formidable rival to the NFL. The Jets, ably coached by Weeb Ewbank, won the AFL Championship over Oakland at Shea Stadium to get to the Super Bowl in Miami, Florida. The victorious Jets became the first Queens based sports franchise to win a championship.
October 16, 1969
Behind a 5-hitter by pitcher Jerry Koosman and home runs by Donn Clendenon and Al Weis, the New York Mets defeated the Baltimore Orioles in 5 games to win their first World Series championship. Once the laughing stock of the major leagues, the Mets, in only their eighth season, bested the Chicago Cubs to win the East Division and then swept the Atlanta Braves in three games for the National League crown. This 5-3 victory over the heavily favored Orioles was enjoyed by 57,397 fans at Shea Stadium and by millions in New York and around the country.
During a tumultuous period in American history, the Mets' victory had proven that the underdog can still win and that, perhaps, miracles do happen.